Graphene oxide membranes could reduce paper industry energy
costs

The U.S. pulp and paper industry uses large quantities
of water to produce cellulose pulp from trees. The water leaving
the pulping process contains a number of organic byproducts and
inorganic chemicals. To reuse the water and the chemicals, paper
mills rely on steam-fed evaporators that boil up the water and
separate it from the chemicals.