Graphene is a two-dimensional material in which carbon
atoms are arranged in hexagonal structures, and it has unique
physical and chemical properties such as sub-nanometer thickness,
chemical stability, mechanical flexibility, electrical and thermal
conductivity, optical transparency, and selective permeability to
water. Due to these properties, various applications of graphene in
transparent electrodes, desalination, electrical energy storage,
and catalysts have been vigorously studied.