Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) permits
multidisciplinary trace analyses and the potential detection of
single molecules. Shi Bai and Koji Sugioka from RIKEN report a
comprehensive review of recent progress in strategies for the
fabrication of highly sensitive SERS substrates. Femtosecond
laser-based techniques are discussed as a versatile tool for the
fabrication of SERS substrates. Several approaches are highlighted
for enhancing the performance of SERS sensing devices, and
real-time sensing and biological applications are
reviewed.